Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the river Vologda within the watershed of the Northern Dvina. Population: 301,755 ; 293,046 ; 282,802 .The city serves as a major transport hub of the Northwest of Russia. The Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation has classified Vologda as an historic city, one of forty-one in Russia and one of only three in Vologda Oblast. 224 buildings in Vologda have been officially recognized as cultural heritage monuments.