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Auchinleck / イギリス

サー・クロード・ジョン・エアー・オーキンレック(Sir Claude John Eyre Auchinleck OBE, 1884年6月21日 - 1981年3月23日)は、第二次世界大戦中のイギリス陸軍元帥。「オーク」(The Auk)の愛称で知られる。 オールダーショットで貧困家庭に生まれたが、奨学金を得てサンドハースト陸軍士官学校に入学した。卒業後はイギリス領インド帝国に赴任し、軍歴の多くを同地で費やし、愛国心と一般兵との親近感を大きくした。 第二次世界大戦の初期、1940年5月にオーキンレックはノルウェーで連合軍を指揮したがドイツ軍に敗れ、ノルウェー崩壊後の1940年7月に南方方面軍参謀長となり、その後インド駐留英国陸軍総指揮官に赴任した。 北アフリカでの連合軍と枢軸軍のシーソーゲームに続いて、彼はアーチボルド・ウェーヴェル将軍の後任として1941年7月に中東の連合軍総指揮官となる。ウェーヴェルは彼と交代してインド駐留英国陸軍総指揮官に赴任した。

Dumfries House

Auchinleck / イギリス

Dumfries House is a Palladian country house in Ayrshire, Scotland. It is located within a large estate, around two miles west of Cumnock. Noted for being one of the few such houses with much of its original 18th-century furniture still present, including specially commissioned Thomas Chippendale pieces, the house and estate is now owned by The Prince's Foundation, a charity which maintains it as a visitor attraction and hospitality and wedding venue. Both the house and the gardens are listed as significant aspects of Scottish heritage. The estate and an earlier house were originally called Lefnoreis or Lochnorris, owned by a branch of the Craufurds of Loudoun. The present house was built in the 1750s for William Dalrymple, 5th Earl of Dumfries, by John Adam and Robert Adam. Having been inherited by the 2nd Marquess of Bute in 1814, it remained in his family until 2007 when the 7th Marquess sold it to the nation for £45 million due to the cost of upkeep.Due to its significance and the risk of the furniture collection being distributed and auctioned, after three years of uncertainty, in 2007 the estate and its entire contents was purchased for £45m for the country by a consortium headed by Charles, Prince of Wales, including a £20m loan from the Prince's charitable trust. The intention was to renovate the estate to become self-sufficient, both to preserve it and regenerate the local economy. As well as donors and sponsorship, funding was also intended to come from constructing the nearby housing development of Knockroon, a planned community along the lines of the Prince's similar venture, Poundbury in Dorset. The house duly reopened in 2008, equipped for public tours. Since then various other parts of the estate have been reopened for various uses, to provide both education and employment, as well as funding the trust's running costs.