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Episkopi Gonias / Griechenland

Die Panagia Episkopi ist die aus mittelbyzantinischer Zeit stammende ehemalige Bischofskirche der griechischen Kykladeninsel Santorin . Sie wird auch Panagia tis Episkopis oder Naos Episkopis Thiras genannt. Nach einer überlieferten, heute fast vollständig zerstörten Inschrift wurde der Kirchenbau von Kaiser Alexios I. Komnenos gestiftet und ersetzte Ende des 11., Anfang des 12. Jahrhunderts den Vorgängerbau einer dreischiffigen frühbyzantinischen Basilika. Die Kirche ist der Panagia geweiht, eine griechisch-orthodoxe Bezeichnung für die Jungfrau Maria, der Namenszusatz Episkopi bedeutet ‚bischöflich‘. Die Panagia Episkopi war bis 1207 und von 1537 bis 1827 Sitz der orthodoxen Diözese auf Santorin.

Dormition of the Virgin (El Greco)

Episkopi Gonias / Griechenland

El Greco painted his Dormition of the Virgin near the end of his Cretan period, probably before 1567. El Greco's signature on the base of the central candelabrum was discovered in 1983. The discovery of the Dormition led to the attribution of three other signed works of "Doménicos" to El Greco and then to the acceptance as authentic of more works, signed or not , painted in 1566).This discovery constituted a significant advance in the understanding of El Greco's formation and early career. The painting combines post-Byzantine and Italian mannerist stylistic and iconographic elements. El Greco is now seen as an artist with a formative training on Crete; a series of works illuminate the style of early El Greco, some painted while he was still in Crete, some from his period in Venice, and some from his subsequent stay in Rome.The icon, which retains its function as an object of veneration in the Church of the Dormition of the Virgin in Syros, was probably brought to the island during the Greek War of Independence. The icon conforms closely to the established pattern for this subject, which was very common in the Orthodox Church in which El Greco was raised and was influenced by. Nevertheless, it has lost some elements of the traditional Byzantine austerity, adopting traits of the Renaissance engravings.The composition of the Burial of the Count of Orgaz has been closely related to the Byzantine iconography of the Dormition of the Theotokos. The examples that have been used to support this point of view have a close relationship with the icon of the Dormition by El Greco that was discovered in 1983 in the church of the same name in Syros. Marina Lambraki-Plaka believes that such a connection exists. Robert Byron, according to whom the iconographic type of the Dormition was the compositional model for The Burial of the Count of Orgaz, asserts that El Greco as a genuine Byzantine painter worked throughout his life with a repertoire of components and motifs at will, depending on the narrative and expressive requirements of the art.