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Reino Unido

El Reino Unido ,[nota 1]​ oficialmente el Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte ,[nota 2]​ o de forma abreviada RU es un país soberano e insular ubicado al noroeste de la Europa Continental. Su territorio está formado geográficamente por la isla de Gran Bretaña, el noreste de la isla de Irlanda y pequeñas islas adyacentes. Desde la independencia de la República de Irlanda, Irlanda del Norte ha sido la única parte del país con una frontera terrestre, hasta la inauguración del Eurotúnel que une por tierra a la isla de Gran Bretaña con Francia y las tierras continentales europeas. Gran Bretaña limita al norte y al oeste con el océano Atlántico, al este con el mar del Norte, al sur con el canal de la Mancha y al oeste con el mar de Irlanda. El Reino Unido es un Estado unitario comprendido por cuatro naciones constitutivas: Escocia, Gales, Inglaterra e Irlanda del Norte.[8]​ Es gobernado mediante un sistema parlamentario con sede de gobierno y capitalidad en Londres, pero con tres administraciones nacionales descentralizadas en Edimburgo, Cardiff y Belfast, las capitales de Escocia, Gales e Irlanda del Norte, respectivamente. Es una monarquía parlamentaria, siendo Isabel II la jefa de Estado. Coloquial y erróneamente se denomina Gran Bretaña e Inglaterra, consecuencia del mayor peso de ambos dentro del Estado. Las dependencias de la Corona de las islas del Canal —Jersey y Guernsey— y la Isla de Man no forman parte del Reino Unido, si bien el Gobierno británico es responsable de su defensa y las relaciones internacionales.[9]​ El Reino Unido tiene catorce territorios de ultramar, todos ellos vestigios de lo que fue el Imperio británico, que en su territorio internacional llegó a alcanzar y a abarcar cerca de una quinta parte de la superficie terrestre mundial. Isabel II continúa estando a la cabeza de la Mancomunidad de Naciones y siendo jefe de Estado de cada uno de los Reinos de la Mancomunidad. Es un país desarrollado que por su volumen neto de producto interno bruto es la quinta economía mundial. Fue el primer país industrializado del mundo[10]​ y la principal potencia mundial durante el siglo XIX y el comienzo del siglo XX[11]​ , pero el costo económico de las dos guerras mundiales y el declive de su imperio en la segunda parte del siglo XX disminuyeron su papel en las relaciones internacionales. Sin embargo, aún mantiene una significativa influencia económica, cultural, militar y política, y es una potencia nuclear. Fue miembro de la Unión Europea entre 1973 y 2020.[nota 3]​ Es uno de los cinco miembros permanentes del Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas con derecho a veto, miembro del G7, el G-20, la OTAN, la OCDE, la UKUSA, la Mancomunidad de Naciones y la Common Travel Area.

Kettle's Yard

Cambridge

Kettle's Yard es una galería de arte y casa en Cambridge, Inglaterra.[1]​ El director de la galería es Andrew Nairne. Tanto la casa como la galería reabrieron en febrero de 2018 tras una ampliación.[2]​ Las galerías, tienda y cafetería de Kettle's Yard abren de martes a domingo de 11 a 17 horas. La casa abre de martes a domingo de 12 a 17 horas. La entrada es gratuita pero con reserva previa.

Royal Albert Memorial Museum

Exeter

Royal Albert Memorial Museum & Art Gallery is a museum and art gallery in Exeter, Devon, the largest in the city. It holds significant and diverse collections in areas such as zoology, anthropology, fine art, local and overseas archaeology, and geology. Altogether the museum holds over one million objects, of which a small percentage is on permanent public display. It is a 'Major Partner Museum' under the Arts Council England administered programme of strategic investment, which means RAMM receives funding to develop its services. RAMM receives this funding in partnership with Plymouth City Museum & Art Gallery. Previously they were described as 'hub museums' under the 'Renaissance' Programme for regional museums which operated between 2002–11 and funded by the now defunct Museums Libraries & Archives Council . Founded in 1868, the museum is housed in a Gothic Revival building of local New Red Sandstone that has undergone several extensions during its history; most recently, the museum was re-opened on 15 December 2011 after a redevelopment lasting four years and costing £24M. Since its re-opening the museum has received several awards.

Hereford Museum and Art Gallery

Hereford

The Hereford Museum and Art Gallery is a local museum in the cathedral city of Hereford, Herefordshire, England.The museum is housed in a Victorian Gothic building. Through the generosity of James Rankin, President of the Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club, it was opened as a free library and museum on 8 October 1874 and has since exhibited artefacts, fine art, and decorative art associated with the local area.

English Heritage

Londres

English Heritage , oficialmente Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England , es un organismo público del Gobierno del Reino Unido, que protege y promueve el patrimonio histórico de Inglaterra. Su función más conocida es la de administrar un gran número de monumentos históricos y sitios arqueológicos, desde Stonehenge hasta el puente de hierro más antiguo del mundo, el puente de Coalbrookdale. Tiene además competencias en la conservación, registro y protección del patrimonio histórico. Su archivo histórico cuenta con más de 12 millones de piezas, entre fotografías, dibujos, etc.[1]​ Por otra parte, su catálogo del patrimonio nacional, la National Heritage List for England, disponible en línea, incluye 400 000 edificios protegidos, parques, jardines, campos de batalla, pecios protegidos, etc.[2]​

Galería de Arte de Mánchester

Mánchester

Manchester Art Gallery es una galería de arte de propiedad pública en Mosley Street, Mánchester, Inglaterra. Anteriormente era conocida Manchester City Art Gallery. La galería abrió sus puertas en 1824 y hoy en día ocupa tres edificios, el más antiguo de los cuales, diseñado por Sir Charles Barry, está clasificado,[1]​ y fue el hogar de la Royal Manchester Institution. La galería es de libre entrada y alberga una colección de arte cívico, que incluye obras de importancia local e internacional.

The Beverley Treasure House

Beverley

The Treasure House is a cultural centre operated by the East Riding of Yorkshire Council in the town of Beverley in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The centre acts as the main hub for heritage and information services, and contains the East Riding Archives and Local Studies, the Beverley Library, a Museum and the Beverley Art Gallery. The building also contains a coffee lounge and gift shop. The top floor, known as 'The Tower', serves as an elevated sightseeing platform, showcasing 360 degree views of the Beverley Minster and the town of Beverley.

Sunderland Museum and Winter Gardens

Sunderland

Sunderland Museum and Winter Gardens is a municipal museum in Sunderland, England. It contains the only known British example of a gliding reptile, the oldest known vertebrate capable of gliding flight. The exhibit was discovered in Eppleton quarry. The museum has a Designated Collection of national importance.It was established in 1846, in the Athenaeum Building on Fawcett Street, the first municipally funded museum in the country outside London. The first recorded fine art acquisition was commissioned by the Sunderland Corporation, a painting of the opening of the new South Dock in 1850. This may have been the first time that an artwork was commissioned by a town council.In 1879, the Museum moved to a new larger building next to Mowbray Park including a library and winter garden based on the model of the Crystal Palace. U.S. President Ulysses Grant was in attendance at the laying of the foundation stone by Alderman Samuel Storey in 1877. The building opened in 1879.During World War II, Winter Garden was damaged by a parachute mine in 1941 and later was demolished with a 1960s extension taking its place, but in 2001, a lottery funded refurbishment of the museum created a new Winter Garden extension and improved facilities. The Winter Gardens contain over 2,000 flowers and plants.In 2003, the Museum was recognised as the most attended outside London. The Museum contains a large collection of the locally made Sunderland Lustreware pottery. Other highlights of the Museum are a stuffed Lion which was acquired in 1879, the remains of a walrus brought back from Siberia in the 1880s and the first Nissan car to be made in Sunderland. Also featured are the skeletal remains of a male human being. The library moved in 1995 to the new City Library and Arts Centre on Fawcett Street . The relocation left more space for museum exhibitions. The new City Library Arts Centre also houses the Northern Gallery for Contemporary Art, renowned as one of the leading forums for emerging artists in the North of England. John Morrison wrote an affectionate memoir of the two and a half years he spent working in the museum as a junior curator, starting about 1918, which appeared in the Australian literary journal Overland in 1968.L.S. Lowry described his discovery of Sunderland in 1960, after which it became his second home: "One day I was travelling south from Tyneside and I realised this was what I had always been looking for." Sunderland Museum, with six works and 30 on long-term loan, have a Lowry collection surpassed only by Salford and Manchester.

Cartwright Hall

Bradford

Cartwright Hall is the civic art gallery in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England, situated about a mile from the city centre in the Manningham district. It was built on the former site of Manningham Hall using a gift of £40,000 donated by Samuel Lister and it is named after Edmund Cartwright. The gallery which opened in 1904 initially had a display of artworks loaned from other galleries and private collections until it was able to purchase a permanent collection of Victorian and Edwardian works using money raised by the 1904 Bradford Exhibition.Cartwright Hall stands in Lister Park and enjoys scenic views of the city. Cartwright Hall has been held to represent "Bradford Baroque", a style of architecture typical of Bradford. It is however designed by the same architects as Glasgow's Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum , also in the Baroque style.The purpose-built gallery is home to a collection of permanent works, from Old Masters to 20th-century British paintings and sculpture. Cartwright Hall also has a biennial open exhibition and contemporary and historical exhibitions by local, national and international artists. Since the mid 1980s the Bradford museum group has collected works that are associated with the cultural background of many post-war migrants to the Bradford area. Acquisitions include contemporary South Asian Art - Islamic calligraphy, phulkari style illustrated textiles and items of contemporary Sikh art, including a portrait of Guru Nanak.In 1983 Cartwright Hall was briefly used as part of the musical number 'every sperm is sacred' in the Monty Python film, The Meaning of Life.In 2003 an Unreal Tournament map was created featuring the inside of the hall as part of a contest for PC Format Magazine.

Real jardín botánico de Kew

Londres

El Real Jardín Botánico de Kew , llamado comúnmente Jardines de Kew , es un extenso jardín botánico con invernaderos, de 120 hectáreas de superficie, que se encuentra entre Richmond upon Thames y Kew, en el sudoeste de Londres, Inglaterra. Su director ahora es el profesor Stephen D. Hooper. Tiene 700 empleados y su presupuesto en 2006 fue de 44 000 000 de libras esterlinas.

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