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Bath / Reino Unido

Bath es una ciudad en el condado ceremonial de Somerset, en el sudoeste de Inglaterra. Está situada a 156 km al oeste de Londres y a veintiún kilómetros al sureste de Bristol. Le fue concedido el estatus de ciudad en el año 1590 a través de un decreto real de la reina Isabel I,[1]​ y posteriormente el de county borough en 1889, lo cual le garantizó independencia administrativa del resto de Somerset. Más tarde, Bath se convirtió en parte de Avon, cuando dicho condado fue creado en 1974. Desde 1996, con la abolición del condado de Avon, la ciudad ha sido el principal centro urbano de la autoridad unitaria de Bath and North East Somerset . Bath fue fundada como un complejo termal por los romanos bajo el nombre latino de Aquae Sulis , en 43 d. C., aunque la tradición oral sin ningún sustento sugiere que ya existía desde antes.[2]​ Los romanos construyeron el complejo y un templo en las colinas adyacentes en el valle del río Avon, alrededor de la fuente de las aguas termales.[3]​ Edgar el Pacífico fue coronado como rey de Inglaterra en la Abadía de Bath en el 973.[4]​ Tiempo después, se popularizó por sus aguas termales durante la Época georgiana, lo cual propició una gran expansión y dejó un reconocido legado arquitectónico georgiano para cuya construcción se utilizó piedra de Bath. Bath fue reconocida como Patrimonio de la Humanidad de la Unesco en 1987.[5]​ La ciudad posee una gran variedad de teatros, museos y demás edificios de importancia cultural, lo cual ha contribuido a su desarrollo como destino turístico, recibiendo cada año más de 3,8 millones[cita requerida] de visitantes de un día y un millón de turistas que pasan más tiempo en el lugar.[6]​ Existen dos universidades y numerosos centros de enseñanza secundaria y superior.

Victoria Art Gallery

Bath / Reino Unido

The Victoria Art Gallery is a public art museum in Bath, Somerset, England. It was opened in 1900 to commemorate Queen Victoria's diamond jubilee. It is a Grade II* listed building and houses over 1500 objects of art including a collection of oil paintings from British artists dating from 1700 onwards. The ground floor was at one time a public library.

Holburne Museum

Bath / Reino Unido

The Holburne Museum is located in Sydney Pleasure Gardens, Bath, Somerset, England. The city's first public art gallery, the Grade I listed building, is home to fine and decorative arts built around the collection of Sir William Holburne. Artists in the collection include Gainsborough, Guardi, Stubbs, Ramsay and Zoffany. The museum also provides a programme of temporary exhibitions, music performances, creative workshops, family events, talks and lectures. There is a bookshop and a café that opens out onto Sydney Gardens. The museum reopened in May 2011 after restoration and an extension designed by Eric Parry Architects, supported by the Heritage Lottery Fund.

Guildhall, Bath

Bath / Reino Unido

The Guildhall is a municipal building in Bath, Somerset, England. It is a Grade I listed building.

Royal Crescent

Bath / Reino Unido

El Royal Crescent es un edificio de un conjunto de viviendas pareadas en la ciudad de Bath, Inglaterra. Fue construido en el siglo XVIII y supone una de las obras más destacadas de la arquitectura georgiana.

Grand Pump Room

Bath / Reino Unido

The Grand Pump Room is a historic building in the Abbey Church Yard, Bath, Somerset, England. It is adjacent to the Roman Baths and is named for water that is pumped into the room from the baths' hot springs. Visitors can drink the water or have other refreshments while there. It has been designated as a Grade I listed building since 1950. Along with the Lower Assembly Rooms, it formed a complex where social activity was centred, and where visitors to the city gathered.

Beckford's Tower

Bath / Reino Unido

Beckford's Tower, originally known as Lansdown Tower, is an architectural folly built in neo-classical style on Lansdown Hill, just outside Bath, Somerset, England. The tower and its attached railings are designated as a Grade I listed building. Along with the adjoining Lansdown Cemetery it is Grade II listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England.The tower was built for William Thomas Beckford, a rich novelist, art collector and critic, to designs by Henry Goodridge, and was completed in 1827. Beckford used it as a library and a retreat, with the cupola at the top acting as a belvedere providing views over the surrounding countryside. The Italianate building at the base of the tower housed drawing rooms and a library. Extensive grounds between Beckford's house in Lansdown Crescent and the tower were landscaped and planted to create Beckford's Ride. William Beckford’s ability to build, and to collect, was made possible by the wealth he inherited and continued to accumulate as an owner of plantations and enslaved people, and through the compensation he received from the government following the abolition of slavery. This aspect of his life is explored within the Beckford Tower Museum displays . Following Beckford's death in 1844, the tower and lands were donated to Walcot parish and a burial ground created, with the Scarlet Drawing Room being converted into a chapel. In 1931 the house and tower were damaged by a fire and a public appeal was made for funds for its restoration. The cemetery closed in 1992 and the next year the site was bought by the Bath Preservation Trust who have carried out extensive renovation. It is now home to a museum displaying furniture originally made for the tower and paintings, prints and objects illustrating Beckford’s life as a writer, collector and patron of the arts.

Royal United Hospital

Bath / Reino Unido

El Royal United Hospital es un complejo hospitalario perteneciente al sistema público sanitario del Reino Unido . Está situado en el barrio de Weston de la ciudad de Bath, Inglaterra, a unos dos kilómetros del centro de la ciudad. El Royal United Hospital toma su nombre de la unión del Bath Casualty Hospital, fundado en 1788 y el Bath City Dispensary & Infirmary fundado en 1792. El primero fue fundado para dar respuesta a las serias lesiones que sufrían los obreros de los grandes edificios que se construían por aquel entonces en la ciudad. El Dispensary & Infirmary, a su vez, se creó como hospital de caridad. La institución resultante de la unión abrió sus puertas en 1826, en Beau Street, en un edificio diseñado por John Pinch. El hospital fue acreditado con el título de "Royal" por la Reina Victoria en 1864. Dicho edificio está ocupado en la actualidad por el Bath Technical College. El hospital se mudó a su actual ubicación, Combe Park, el 11 de diciembre de 1932. En 1959 absorbió el Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital y en 1973 al Bath Eye Infirmary. Se convirtió en hospital público de la red del NHS en 1992. El hospital tiene 687 camas y una extensión de 652 acres.

American Museum and Gardens

Bath / Reino Unido

The American Museum and Gardens is based at Claverton Manor, near Bath, England. The manor house, believed to be the third manor house constructed at Claverton, was designed for John Vivian, a barrister who had purchased the manor in 1816, by Jeffry Wyatville in 1820 and built on the site of a manor previously bought by Ralph Allen in 1758. Wyatville's construction replaced an earlier manor house built for Sir Edward Hungerford in c.1588, the design of which has been attributed to John of Padua. The first manor house at Claverton was built by Ralph of Shrewsbury around 1340. The current manor house, built in 1820, is now a Grade I listed building.

Theatre Royal, Bath

Bath / Reino Unido

The Theatre Royal in Bath, England, was built in 1805. A Grade II* listed building, it has been described by the Theatres Trust as "One of the most important surviving examples of Georgian theatre architecture". It has a capacity for an audience of around 900. The Theatre Royal was built to replace the Old Orchard Street Theatre, funded by a Tontine and elaborately decorated. The architect was George Dance the Younger, with John Palmer carrying out much of the work. It opened with a performance of Shakespeare's Richard III and hosted performances by many leading actors of the time including Dorothea Jordan, William Macready and Edmund Kean. A major fire in 1862 destroyed the interior of the building and was quickly followed by a rebuilding programme by Charles J. Phipps, which included the construction of the current entrance. Further redecoration was undertaken in 1892; more extensive building work, including a new staircase and the installation of electric lighting, followed in 1902. Despite performances by casts including Sarah Bernhardt, the ballerina Anna Pavlova and Mrs. Patrick Campbell, the theatre was rarely very profitable. During World War II Donald Wolfit, Irene Vanbrugh, John Gielgud and Sybil Thorndike appeared, with shows including Noël Coward's Private Lives and Blyth Spirit, a performance by Ballet Rambert and light entertainment such as Charley's Aunt, but audiences declined. In 1979 the theatre was bought by a trust and, following public donations, it underwent refurbishment, with the rebuilding of the stage and the installation of a new taller fly tower for scenery and lighting. In 1997 a new 150-seat theatre, known as the Ustinov Studio, was opened. Further restoration work to the main auditorium was needed in 2010. In 2005 a children's theatre known as The Egg was opened. The complex also includes bars and restaurants.