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Stati Uniti d'America

Gli Stati Uniti d'America sono una repubblica federale dell'America settentrionale composta da cinquanta Stati e un distretto federale. I quarantotto stati contigui e il distretto di Washington D.C. occupano la fascia centrale dell'America settentrionale tra il Canada e il Messico e sono bagnati dall'oceano Atlantico a est e dall'oceano Pacifico a ovest. Con 9850476 km² in totale e circa 330 milioni di abitanti gli Stati Uniti sono il terzo paese del mondo sia per superficie sia per popolazione. La geografia e il clima degli Stati Uniti sono estremamente vari, con deserti, pianure, foreste e montagne che sono anche sede di una grande varietà di fauna selvatica. È una delle nazioni più multietniche e multiculturali al mondo, prodotto di larga scala dell'immigrazione da molti Paesi. Storicamente i paleoamericani migrarono dall'Asia verso quelli che sono gli Stati Uniti circa 12 000 anni fa. La colonizzazione europea cominciò intorno al 1600 e venne per lo più dall'Inghilterra. Gli Stati Uniti d'America ebbero origine dalle tredici colonie britanniche situate lungo la costa atlantica. Le controversie tra la Gran Bretagna e le colonie sfociarono in un conflitto: il 4 luglio 1776 i delegati delle tredici colonie redassero ed approvarono all'unanimità la dichiarazione di indipendenza, che diede ufficialmente vita ad un nuovo Stato federale. La guerra di indipendenza americana, conclusasi con il riconoscimento dell'indipendenza degli Stati Uniti dal Regno di Gran Bretagna, è stata la prima guerra per l'indipendenza da una potenza coloniale europea. La Costituzione fu adottata il 17 settembre 1787 e da allora è stata emendata ventisette volte. I primi dieci emendamenti, collettivamente denominati «Dichiarazione dei diritti» , furono ratificati nel 1791 e garantiscono diritti civili e libertà fondamentali. Gli Stati Uniti intrapresero una vigorosa espansione per tutto il XIX secolo, spinti dalla controversa dottrina del destino manifesto. L'acquisizione di nuovi territori e l'ammissione di nuovi stati membri causarono anche numerose guerre con i popoli nativi. La guerra civile americana si concluse con l'abolizione della schiavitù negli Stati Uniti. Alla fine del XIX secolo gli Stati Uniti si estesero fino all'oceano Pacifico. La guerra ispano-americana e la prima guerra mondiale hanno confermato lo stato del paese come potenza militare globale. Gli Stati Uniti sono usciti dalla seconda guerra mondiale come una superpotenza globale, il primo paese dotato di armi nucleari e quale uno dei cinque membri permanenti del Consiglio di sicurezza delle Nazioni Unite. Dopo una grave crisi politica e sociale negli anni sessanta e settanta come conseguenza anche della sconfitta nella guerra del Vietnam, che sembrava minare il predominio mondiale statunitense, l'inattesa fine della guerra fredda e la dissoluzione dell'Unione Sovietica negli anni novanta hanno invece riconfermato il ruolo dominante degli Stati Uniti che sono rimasti l'unica superpotenza militare e politica mondiale. Gli Stati Uniti sono un Paese sviluppato, con una stima nel 2017 del prodotto interno lordo di 19,39 migliaia di miliardi di dollari . Il PIL pro capite degli Stati Uniti è stato il sesto più alto del mondo dal 2010, anche se la disparità di reddito del continente americano è stata anche classificata la più alta all'interno dell'OCSE e i paesi dalla Banca Mondiale. L'economia è alimentata da un'abbondanza di risorse naturali, numerose infrastrutture ed elevata produttività. Il paese rappresenta il 39% della spesa militare mondiale, essendo la prima potenza economica e militare, una forza politica guida nel mondo e al primo posto nel settore della ricerca scientifica e dell'innovazione tecnologica, ma anche uno stato sociale ridotto rispetto a molti altri paesi del mondo occidentale.

Capo Ann

Rockport (Massachusetts)

Capo Ann è un capo nell'oceano Atlantico comprendente l'estremità orientale della contea di Essex, nel Massachusetts nord-orientale, 48 km a nord-est di Boston. Questa piccola penisola, che delimita la baia di Ipswich, presenta due insenature: il porto di Annisquam a nord e quello di Gloucester a sud. Un fiume mareale, l'Annisquam, un passaggio navigabile lungo 6,4 km, collega i due porti. Il capo delimita inoltre la parte settentrionale della baia del Massachusetts, che si estende a sud fino a Capo Cod. Questo pittoresco promontorio roccioso, che prende il nome dalla regina Anna , è noto per i suoi caratteristici vecchi villaggi di pescatori, i resort e le colonie di artisti. Gloucester e Rockport sono le città principali. Il Norman's Woe, una scogliera sommersa al largo della costa orientale del capo, è stato teatro di numerosi naufragi, ed è l'ambientazione della poesia di Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Il naufragio dell'Hesperus. Halibut Point costituisce il punto più settentrionale di Capo Ann.

Cheekwood Botanical Garden and Museum of Art

Nashville

Cheekwood è una tenuta di 220.000 m² all'estremità occidentale di Nashville, Tennessee che, grazie a finanziamenti da privati, ospita il Cheekwood Botanical Garden and Museum of Art. Ex residenza della famiglia Cheek di Nashville, il palazzo di 2.800 m² in stile georgiano, fu aperto come museo nel 1960.

Dahesh Museum of Art

New York

The Dahesh Museum of Art is the only museum in the United States devoted to the collection and exhibition of European academic art of the 19th and 20th century. The collection, located in Manhattan, New York City, originated with Lebanese writer, humanist, and philosopher Salim Moussa Achi , whose pen name was Dr. Dahesh. The core of the museum's holdings consists of Dahesh's collection of more than 2,000 academic paintings, which includes many notable Orientalist paintings.The Museum's regular exhibition space closed in 2008, leaving the museum temporarily available only online and in traveling exhibitions. In early 2012, the Museum reopened an office and gift shop in Manhattan's Hudson Square neighborhood, near SoHo. Renovations began in 2015 on the museum's new permanent home at 178 East 64th Street. According to the museum's website, the opening is anticipated in winter 2019-2020.

Georgia Museum of Art

Athens (Georgia)

The Georgia Museum of Art is an art museum in Athens, Georgia, United States, associated with the University of Georgia . The museum is both an academic museum and, since 1982, the official art museum of the state of Georgia. The permanent collection consists of American paintings, primarily 19th- and 20th-century; American, European and Asian works on paper; the Samuel H. Kress Study Collection of Italian Renaissance paintings; growing collections of southern decorative arts and Asian art; and a strong collection of works by African American artists. It numbers more than 12,000 works, growing every year.The Georgia Museum opened on UGA's North Campus in 1948, in a building that now houses the university president's office, then moved to the Performing and Visual Arts Complex on UGA's East Campus in 1996. In 2011, it completed an extensive expansion and remodeling of its building, paid for entirely with externally raised funds and designed by Gluckman Mayner Architects, New York, that has allowed it to display its permanent collection continually. The museum offers programming for patrons of all ages, from child to senior citizen, as well as free admission to the public for all exhibitions. It organizes its own exhibitions in-house, creates traveling exhibitions for other museums and galleries and plays host to traveling exhibitions from around the country and the globe. The museum strives, most of all, to fulfill the legacy of its founder, Alfred Heber Holbrook, and provide art for everyone, removing barriers to accessibility and seeking to foster an open, educational and inspiring environment for students, scholars and the general public. The foundation of the museum's collection, the Eva Underhill Holbrook Memorial Collection of American Art, a collection of 100 American paintings, was donated to UGA in 1945 by Holbrook in memory of his first wife. Included in this collection are works by such luminaries as Frank Weston Benson, William Merritt Chase, Stuart Davis, Arthur Dove, Georgia O’Keeffe, Childe Hassam, Winslow Homer, Jacob Lawrence, and Theodore Robinson.

Gibbes Museum of Art

Charleston (Carolina del Sud)

The Gibbes Museum of Art, formerly known as the Gibbes Art Gallery, is an art museum in Charleston, South Carolina. Established as the Carolina Art Association in 1858, the museum moved into a new Beaux Arts building at 135 Meeting Street, in the Charleston Historic District, in 1905. The Gibbes houses a premier collection of over 10,000 works of fine art, principally American works, many with a connection to Charleston or the South. The benefactor, James Shoolbred Gibbes, donated $100,000 to the Carolina Arts Association upon his death in 1899 for the "erection of a suitable building for the exhibitions of paintings." Receipt of the money by the city, however, was delayed by a will contest filed by nieces and nephews of Gibbes. Their case was heard in the state court of New York during 1900 and 1901. On December 6, 1901, the New York Supreme Court issued an opinion declaring that the gift to Charleston was valid. Receiving the money in 1903, the Association hired Frank Pierce Milburn to design the gallery. His design included a Tiffany-style dome, Doric columns and pediment capped windows and doors. Milburn completed the drawings of the building in mid-1903, and a drawing of the proposed building appeared in the Charleston Evening Post on June 5, 1903. Notices were published seeking contractors' bids for the work starting in August 1903. In September 1903, H.T. Zacharias was selected as the contractor and received a contract for $73,370 for the building. Zacharias started work on September 28, 1903, removing the remains of the South Carolina Agricultural Hall which had occupied the lot. Although work on the foundations had begun already, a ceremony was held on December 8, 1903, to lay the cornerstone of the building at the northeast corner.The museum formally opened on April 11, 1905. The collection on display on the opening day included more than 300 pictures, many bronzes, and about 200 miniatures in addition to an "instructive collection" of Japanese prints. After closing for an extensive two-year, $13.5 million renovation, the museum reopened to the public on May 28, 2016. In renovating the museum, the development teams took inspiration from the original blueprints discovered in the City of Charleston archives in 2008 to return the building to its 1905 Beaux Arts style layout. The renovation of the first floor features a creative education center that engages the public through classrooms, artist studios, lecture and event spaces, a café and a museum store. The rear reception area opens to the garden, part of Charleston’s historic Gateway Walk founded by the Garden Club of Charleston. Serving as a creative gathering place for the community, the entire ground floor of the museum is admission-free. The newly expanded and renovated galleries on the second and third floors provide a 30 percent increase in gallery space to showcase more than 600 works of art from the permanent collection. State-of-the-art storage facilities feature a closely connected research room to provide ample space for scholars to more easily access and study works from the collection. Observation windows offer visitors a behind-the-scenes view of the work of curators and conservators. The Gibbes’ renowned collection of more than 300 miniature portraits are housed in innovative display cases and open storage cabinetry to allow an up-close view for visitors. The museum's collections include the work of numerous artists with connections to Charleston; among them are Henrietta Johnston, Mary Roberts, Charles Fraser, William Melton Halsey, Ned I.R. Jennings, and Jeremiah Theus. The museum also has photographs by George LaGrange Cook.

Heckscher Museum of Art

Huntington (New York)

The Heckscher Museum of Art is named after its benefactor, August Heckscher, who in 1920 donated 185 works of art to be housed in a new Beaux-Arts building located in Heckscher Park, in Huntington, New York. Today the museum has over 2000 works of art, focused mainly on American landscape paintings and work by Long Island artists, as well as featuring American and European modernism, and photography. The most famous painting in the collection is George Grosz’s “Eclipse of the Sun” .

Hill–Stead Museum

Farmington (Connecticut)

Hill–Stead Museum is a Colonial Revival house and art museum set on a large estate at 35 Mountain Road in Farmington, Connecticut. It is best known for its French Impressionist masterpieces, architecture, and stately grounds. The property was designated a National Historic Landmark as a nationally significant example of Colonial Revival architecture, built in 1901 to designs that were the result of a unique collaboration between Theodate Pope Riddle, one of the United States' first female architects, and the renowned firm of McKim, Mead & White. The house was built for Riddle's father, Alfred Atmore Pope, and the art collection it houses was collected by Pope and Riddle.

Laguna Art Museum

Laguna Beach

The Laguna Art Museum is a museum located in Laguna Beach, California, on Pacific Coast Highway. LAM exclusively features California art and is the oldest cultural institution in the area. It has been known as the Laguna Beach Art Association, as well as the Laguna Beach Museum of Art.

New Bedford Whaling Museum

New Bedford (Massachusetts)

The New Bedford Whaling Museum is a museum in New Bedford, Massachusetts, United States that focuses on the history, science, art, and culture of the international whaling industry, and the "Old Dartmouth" region in the South Coast of Massachusetts. The museum is governed by the Old Dartmouth Historical Society , which was established in 1903 "to create and foster an interest in the history of Old Dartmouth." Since then, the museum has expanded its scope to include programming that addresses global issues "including the consequences of natural resource exhaustion, the diversification of industry, and tolerance in a multicultural society." Its collections include over 750,000 items, including 3,000 pieces of scrimshaw and 2,500 logbooks from whaling ships, both of which are the largest collections in the world, as well as five complete whale skeletons. The museum's complex consists of several contiguous buildings housing 20 exhibit galleries and occupying an entire city block within the New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park, although operated independently.The museum also houses a collection of fine art, including works by major American artists who lived or worked in the New Bedford area, such as Albert Bierstadt, William Bradford, and Albert Pinkham Ryder, as well as a collection of locally produced decorative art, glassware, and furniture associated with the rise of New Bedford as a whaling port in the 19th century. The museum's Bourne Building houses the Lagoda, a half-scale model of a whaling ship that was commissioned in 1916 and is the world's largest model whaling ship.